RELATIVE CLAUSES WITH WHERE, WHEN & WHY
MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ BẮT ĐẦU VỚI WHERE, WHEN & WHY
Mệnh đề quan hệ là mệnh đề được bắt đầu bằng các đại từ quan hệ như : who, whom, which, whose, that.
*The man who met me at the airport gave me the money.
Trong câu trên, mệnh đề "who met me at the airport" là mệnh đề quan hệ trong đó "who" là đại từ quan hệ được dùng để thay thế tiền vị từ (antecedent) "the man" và mệnh đề còn lại "The man gave me the money" là mệnh đề chính.
The man gave me the money. He met me at the airport.

? The man who met me at the airport gave me the money.

This is the man. We saw him at the party yesterday.

? This is the man whom we saw at the party yesterday.

The pencil belongs to me. It is in your pocket.

? The pencil which is in your pocket belongs to me.

That is the man. His wallet was stolen.

? That is the man whose wallet was stolen.

*who , whom  for people (duøng cho ngöôøi)
*which  for things and animals ( duøng cho vaät vaø ñoäng vaät)
*whose  for possession ( duøng chæ sôõ höõu)
*that  in place of who(m), which
who, whom, which, whose, that are relative pronouns (ñaïi töø quan heä)
This is the village. I used to live in the village.
-That is the village in which I used to live.
? That is the village where I used to live.

Sunday is the day. Most people rest on that day.
Sunday is the day on which most people rest.
? Sunday is the day when most people rest.
There must be a reason. You said that for the reason.
There must be a reason for which you said that.
? There must be a reason why you said that.

In (on / at) which (place) ? where
On (in / at) which (time) ? when
For which (reason) ? why
*Ta gọi where, when, why là trạng từ quan hệ (relative adverbs)
*Ta gọi who, whom, which, whose, that là đại từ quan hệ (relative pronouns)
Compare:
<1>This is where I used to live.
<2>This is the place where I used to live.
<1>: noun clause (mệnh đề danh từ)
<2>: relative clause

<1>I turned off the lights when I went out.
<2>He asked me when I turned off the lights.
<3>I went out on the day when it rained heavily.
<1>: adverb clause of time
<2>: noun clause
<3>: relative clause